What are enumerated powers?

Enumerated powers refer specifically to the powers that are explicitly granted to the national government by the Constitution. These powers are outlined in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution and give the federal government authority over specific areas such as taxation, defense, and commerce among the states. Because these powers are explicitly stated, they differ from implied powers, which are not specifically listed but are derived from the necessities of carrying out the enumerated powers.

The other options reflect different concepts in government. Powers shared between state and federal government pertain to concurrent powers, which are exercised by both levels of government. Powers that allow for local legislation typically relate to the authority of state and local governments rather than the national government alone. Additionally, powers that can be revoked refer more to provisions or statutes that may be subject to changes or repeals, which does not accurately describe enumerated powers as they are firmly established in the Constitution.